চৰাই: বিভিন্ন সংশোধনসমূহৰ মাজৰ পাৰ্থক্য

ভাৱ-বিনিময় অংশৰ অনুবাদ
166 নং শাৰী:
 
[[File:Troglodytes aedon.ogg|thumb|right| উত্তৰ আমেৰিকাৰ চৰাই হাউচ ৰেন (House Wren) ৰ গান ]]
চৰায়ে বিভিন্ন ধৰণৰ মাত (calls and songs)ৰ সহায়তো ভাৱ বিনিময় কৰে৷ <ref name = "Suthers"/>
[[Bird vocalization|Bird calls and songs]], which are produced in the [[Syrinx (biology)|syrinx]], are the major means by which birds communicate with [[sound]]. This communication can be very complex; some species can operate the two sides of the syrinx independently, allowing the simultaneous production of two different songs.<ref name = "Suthers"/>
Calls are used for a variety of purposes, including mate attraction,<ref name = "Gill"/> evaluationচৰায়ে ofমাতৰ যোগেদি সাম্ভাৱ্য লগৰীয়া (potential mates) বাচনি, <ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1080/08927014.1994.9522988 |last=Genevois |first=F. |year=1994|last2=Bretagnolle|first2=V. |title=Male Blue Petrels reveal their body mass when calling |journal=Ethology Ecology and Evolution |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=377–83 |url=http://ejour-fup.unifi.it/index.php/eee/article/view/667/613}}</ref>নিজৰ bondঅধিকাৰ formation, theক্ষেত্ৰ (claiming and maintenance of territories,) ৰ ঘোষণা আৰু পৰিচালনা<ref name = "Gill"/> theঅন্য identificationচৰাইৰ of other individuals (such as when parents look for chicks in colonies or when mates reunite at the start of breeding season)চিনাক্তকৰণ,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jouventin |first=Pierre |month= June|year=1999 |title=Finding a parent in a king penguin colony: the acoustic system of individual recognition |journal=Animal Behaviour |volume=57 |issue=6 |pages=1175–83 |doi=10.1006/anbe.1999.1086 |pmid=10373249 |issn=0003-3472 |last2=Aubin |first2=T |last3=Lengagne |first3=T}}</ref>আৰু andগোটৰ theচৰাইসমূহক warningভক্ষক of(predator)ৰ otherআগমণৰ birdsবিষয়ে ofসকিয়নি potential predators, sometimes with specific information about the nature of the threat.দিয়া<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Templeton |first=Christopher N. |year=2005 |title=Allometry of Alarm Calls: Black-Capped Chickadees Encode Information About Predator Size |journal=Science |volume=308 |issue=5730 |pages=1934–37 |doi=10.1126/science.1108841 |pmid=15976305 |month= June|issn=0036-8075 |last2=Greene |first2=E |last3=Davis |first3=K}}</ref> Someআদি birdsকাৰ্য্য alsoসমাপন useকৰে৷ mechanical sounds for auditory communication. The ''[[Coenocorypha]]'' [[snipe]]s of [[New Zealand]] drive air through their feathers,<ref name = "Miskelly">{{Cite journal|last=Miskelly |first=C. M. |coauthors= |month=July |year=1987 |title=The identity of the hakawai |journal=Notornis |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=95–116 |url=http://www.notornis.org.nz/free_issues/Notornis_34-1987/Notornis_34_2.pdf|format=PDF}}</ref> [[woodpecker]]s drum territorially,<ref name = "Attenborough"/> and [[Palm Cockatoo]]s use tools to drum.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Murphy |first=Stephen |year=2003 |title=The breeding biology of palm cockatoos (''Probosciger aterrimus''): a case of a slow life history |journal=[[Journal of Zoology]] |volume=261 |issue=4 |pages=327–39 |doi=10.1017/S0952836903004175 |last2=Legge |first2=Sarah |last3=Heinsohn |first3=Robert}}</ref>
 
[[File:Red-billed quelea flocking at waterhole.jpg|thumb|left|alt= massive flock of tiny birds seen from distance so that birds appear as specks|right|[[:en:Red-billed Quelea|Red-billed Quelea]]s, theআটাইতকৈ mostসংখ্যাগৰিষ্ঠ numerousচৰাইৰ species of bird,প্ৰজাতি<ref name = "flycatcher">{{Cite book|last=Sekercioglu |first=Cagan Hakki |year=2006 |chapter=Foreword |title=[[Handbook of the Birds of the World]], Volume 11: Old World Flycatchers to Old World Warblers|editor=Josep del Hoyo, Andrew Elliott and David Christie (eds.) |location=Barcelona |publisher=Lynx Edicions |isbn=84-96553-06-X|page=48}}</ref> form enormous flocks&mdash;sometimes tens of thousands strong.]]
 
===গোট (flocking)===
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