এৰিষ্ট'টল: বিভিন্ন সংশোধনসমূহৰ মাজৰ পাৰ্থক্য

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প্ৰাচীন গ্ৰীক সাহিত্য অপ্ৰচলিত হৈ থকাৰ বাবে ৬০০ এ ডিৰ পৰা ১০০০ লৈকে এৰিষ্ট'টলৰ বিষয়ে পশ্চিমীয়া ধৰ্মত্ত্বত কোনো উল্লেখ নাছিল৷ কেৱল ব'থিয়াছ (Boethius) এ তেওঁৰ '''Organon' ''নামৰ গ্ৰন্থখনৰ লেটিন ভাষালৈ কৰা তৰ্জমাৰ বাবেহে কিছু কিছু লোকে এৰিষ্ট'টল সম্পৰ্কে জানিছিল৷'' ''বাৰ আৰু তেৰ শতিকাত অৱষ্যে তেওঁৰ কৰ্মৰাজি লেটিনলৈ তৰ্জমা হোৱাৰ লগে লগে চিন্তাবিদ সকল এৰিষ্ট'টলৰ অৱদান সম্পৰ্কে আগ্ৰহী হৈ উঠিল৷ <ref>{{SEP|arabic-islamic-influence|Influence of Arabic and Islamic Philosophy on the Latin West}}</ref>
 
থ'মাছ একোইনাছ ([[Thomas Aquinas]]) এ এৰিষ্ট'টলৰ কৰ্মৰাজিৰ তৰ্জমা কৰিবলৈ লোৱাৰ পিছৰ পৰা এৰিষ্ট'টলৰ খ্যাতি বিয়পিবলৈ ধৰিলে৷ <ref>{{SEP|aristotelianism-renaissance|Aristotelianism in the Renaissance}}</ref> সেইসময়ৰ পশ্চিমীয়া শিক্ষাবিদসকলে এৰিষ্ট'টল খ্যাতনাম দাৰ্শনিক ' ( "The Philosopher") হিচাপে আদৰি লয়৷
After [[Thomas Aquinas]] wrote his [[theology]], working from Moerbeke's translations, the demand for Aristotle's writings grew and the [[Greek language|Greek]] manuscripts returned to the West, stimulating a revival of Aristotelianism in Europe that continued into the [[Renaissance]].<ref>{{SEP|aristotelianism-renaissance|Aristotelianism in the Renaissance}}</ref>
===প্ৰবুদ্ধিৰ পৰৱৰ্ত্তী কাল (Post-Enlightenment)ৰ চিন্তাবিদসকলৰ ওপৰত প্ৰভাৱ ===
Aristotle is referred to as "The Philosopher" by [[Scholasticism|Scholastic]] thinkers such as [[Thomas Aquinas]]. See ''[[Summa Theologica]]'', Part I, Question 3, etc. These thinkers blended Aristotelian philosophy with Christianity, bringing the thought of Ancient Greece into the Middle Ages. It required a repudiation of some Aristotelian principles for the sciences and the arts to free themselves for the discovery of modern scientific laws and empirical methods. The medieval English poet [[Geoffrey Chaucer|Chaucer]] describes his student as being happy by having
ফ্ৰেডৰিক নিৎসে ( [[Friedrich Nietzsche]]) নামৰ জাৰ্মান দাৰ্শনিকগৰাকীয়ে তেওঁৰ প্ৰায় সকলো ৰাজনৈতিক দৰ্শন এৰিষ্ট'টলৰ পৰাই লৈছিল বুলি জনা যায়৷ <ref>Durant, p. 86</ref> আয়ন ৰেণ্ড ([[Ayn Rand]]) নামৰ অন্য এগৰাকী চিন্তাবিদে এৰিষ্ট'টলক 'ইতিহাসৰ আটাইতকৈ মহান দাৰ্শনিক ' ( "the greatest philosopher in history") বুলি আখ্যা দিছিল৷ <ref>Kelvin Knight, ''Aristotelian Philosophy'', Polity Press, 2007, ''passim''.</ref>
:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'' at his beddes heed''
:''Twenty bookes, clad in blak or reed,''
:''Of aristotle and his philosophie,''<ref>Geoffrey Chaucer, ''[[The Canterbury Tales]]'', Prologue, lines 295–295</ref>
The Italian poet [[Dante Alighieri|Dante]] says of Aristotle in [[The Divine Comedy|the first circles of hell]],
:''I saw the Master there of those who know,''
:''Amid the philosophic family,''
:''By all admired, and by all reverenced;''
:''There Plato too I saw, and Socrates,''
:''Who stood beside him closer than the rest.''<ref>''vidi 'l maestro di color che sanno''
''seder tra filosofica famiglia.''<br>
''Tutti lo miran, tutti onor li fanno'':<br>
''quivi vid'ïo Socrate e Platone''<br>
''che 'nnanzi a li altri più presso li stanno;''<br> Dante, ''L'Inferno'' (Hell), Canto IV. Lines 131–135</ref>
 
===Post-Enlightenment thinkers===
The German philosopher [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] has been said to have taken nearly all of his political philosophy from Aristotle.<ref>Durant, p. 86</ref> However implausible this is, it is certainly the case that Aristotle's rigid separation of action from production, and his justification of the subservience of slaves and others to the virtue – or ''arete'' – of a few justified the ideal of aristocracy. It is [[Martin Heidegger]], not Nietzsche, who elaborated a new interpretation of Aristotle, intended to warrant his deconstruction of scholastic and philosophical tradition. [[Ayn Rand]] accredited Aristotle as "the greatest philosopher in history" and cited him as a major influence on her thinking. More recently, [[Alasdair MacIntyre]] has attempted to reform what he calls the Aristotelian tradition in a way that is anti-elitist and capable of disputing the claims of both liberals and Nietzscheans.<ref>Kelvin Knight, ''Aristotelian Philosophy'', Polity Press, 2007, ''passim''.</ref>
 
==অৱদান==
এৰিষ্ট'টলৰ উদ্ধাৰ পোৱা প্ৰায়ভাগ কৰ্মৰাজি 'Corpus Aristotelicum' নামৰ গ্ৰন্থত সন্নিবিষ্ট কৰা হৈছে৷
The works of Aristotle that have survived from antiquity through medieval manuscript transmission are collected in the Corpus Aristotelicum. These texts, as opposed to Aristotle's lost works, are technical philosophical treatises from within Aristotle's school. Reference to them is made according to the organization of [[Immanuel Bekker]]'s Royal Prussian Academy edition (''Aristotelis Opera edidit Academia Regia Borussica'', Berlin, 1831–1870), which in turn is based on ancient classifications of these works.
 
==সন্মান==
[[Aristotleএৰিষ্ট'টলে Mountains]]পৃথিৱীৰ onদক্ষিণভাগত [[Oscarএন্টাৰ্কটিকাৰ IIঅৱস্থিতিৰ Coast]]সম্পৰ্কে inপোনপ্ৰথমে [[Grahamকৰা Land]],অনুমানৰ [[Antarctica]]প্ৰতি areসন্মান namedজনাই afterতেওঁৰ Aristotleনামেৰে who was theএন্টাৰ্কটিকাৰ firstগ্ৰাহাম toলেণ্ডত conjectureথকা the existenceএৰিষ্ট'টল ofপৰ্বত a([[Aristotle landmassMountains]]) inনামকৰণ theকৰা southernহৈছে৷ high-latitude region, calling it ''Antarctica''.<ref>[https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/scar/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=137410 Aristotle Mountains.] [[SCAR]] [[Composite Antarctic Gazetteer]].</ref>
 
 
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