এৰিষ্ট'টল: বিভিন্ন সংশোধনসমূহৰ মাজৰ পাৰ্থক্য

47 নং শাৰী:
এৰিষ্ট'টল ৰাজকীয় বিদ্যালয় (royal academy) মেচিডন ( [[Macedon]]) প্ৰধান শিক্ষ হিচাপে অধিষ্ঠিত হয়৷ এইসময়ছোৱাত আলেকজেণ্ডাৰৰ উপৰিও ভৱিষ্যতৰ মহাৰজা টলেমি ( [[Ptolemy I Soter|Ptolemy]]) আৰু কেছেণ্ডাৰ ( Cassande) ক এৰিষ্ট'টলে শিক্ষা দিয়ে৷ <ref name="Peter Green">Peter Green, ''Alexander of Macedon'', 1991 University of California Press, Ltd. Oxford, England. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, p.58–59</ref> এৰিষ্ট'টলে আলেকজেণ্ডাৰক পূবৰ দেশসমূহ জয় কৰিবলৈ উৎসাহ দিয়ে বুলি জনা যায়৷ <ref name="Peter Green"/>
 
Byখ্ৰীষ্টপূৰ্ব 335৩৩৫ BCশতিকাত heতেওঁ hadএথেন্সলৈ returnedউভতি toআহে Athens, establishing his own school there known as theআৰু '[[Lyceum (Classical)|Lyceum]].' Aristotleনামেৰে conductedনিজাকৈ coursesবিদ্যালয় atস্থাপন theকৰে৷ school forএই theবিদ্যালয় nextএৰিষ্ট'টলে twelveবাৰ years.বছৰ Whileধৰি inবিভিন্ন Athens,পাঠদান hisপৰিচালনা wifeকৰে৷ Pythiasএইসময়তে diedএথেন্সত andতেওঁৰ Aristotleপত্নী পিথিয়াছৰ মৃত্যু হয়৷ পৰৱৰ্ত্তী becameকালত involvedতেওঁ withহাৰ্পিলিছ ( [[Herpyllis]] of) Stagira, whoবিয়া boreকৰায় himআৰু aতেওঁলোকৰ sonএটা whomল'ৰাসন্তান heজন্ম namedহয় afterযাৰ his father,নাম [[Nicomachus (son of Aristotle)|Nicomachus]]. Accordingৰাখে৷ to the [[Suda]], he also had an [[eromenos]], [[Palaephatus|Palaephatus of Abydus]].<ref>William George Smith,''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. 3, [http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/2421.html p. 88]</ref>
 
Itএথেন্সত isথকা duringএই thisকালছোৱাতে periodখ্ৰীষ্টপূৰ্য় in৩৩৫-৩২৩ Athensশতিকাৰ fromভিতৰত 335 to 323 BC when Aristotle isএৰিষ্ট'টলে believedতেওঁৰ toপ্ৰায়ভাগ haveসৃষ্টি composedকৰা manyবুলি ofজনা hisযায়৷ works.<ref name="philosophy1972"/> Aristotleতেওঁৰ wroteলিখনিসমূহৰ manyক্ষুদ্ৰ dialogues,অংশএটাহে onlyসংৰক্ষণ fragmentsহৈ ofথাকিল৷ whichইয়াৰ survived.ভিতৰত Theবিদ্যালয়ত worksবা thatশিষ্যসকলক haveকৰা survivedপাঠদানৰ areঅংশসমূহেই inপ্ৰধান৷ [[treatise]]এইসমূহৰ formভিতৰত and were not, for the most part, intended for widespread publication, as they are generally thought to be lecture aids for his students. His most important treatises includeপ্ৰধান হ'ল-''[[Physics (Aristotle)|Physics]]'', ''[[Metaphysics (Aristotle)|Metaphysics]]'', ''[[Nicomachean Ethics]]'', ''[[Politics (Aristotle)|Politics]]'', ''[[De Anima]] (On the Soul)'' andআৰু ''[[Poetics (Aristotle)|Poetics]]''.
 
এৰিষ্ট'টলে সেইসময়ৰ সম্ভৱ হোৰা সকলোবোৰ বিষয় অধ্যয়ন কৰাই নহয়, বেছিভাগতেই তেওঁ অতি উল্লেখযোগ্য অৱদানো আগবঢ়াই গৈছে৷ তাত্বিক বিজ্ঞানৰ ভিতৰত এৰিষ্ট'টলে anatomy, astronomy, [[embryology]], geography, geology, meteorology, physics আৰু প্ৰাণীবিজ্ঞান অধ্যয়ন কৰিছিল৷ দৰ্শনৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত তেওঁ aesthetics, ethics, চৰকাৰ, metaphysics, ৰাজনীতি, মনোবিজ্ঞান, rhetoric আৰু theology আদি সম্পৰ্কত লিখিছিল৷ তাৰোপৰি তেওঁ শিক্ষা, বৈদেশিক নীতি, সাহিত্য আদিও অধ্যয়ন কৰিছিল৷ তেওঁৰ সমূহ কৰ্মৰাজিয়ে গ্ৰীক সকলৰ জ্ঞানৰ এক বিশ্বকোষকে সূচায়৷ <ref>{{cite book
Aristotle not only studied almost every subject possible at the time, but made significant contributions to most of them. In physical science, Aristotle studied anatomy, astronomy, [[embryology]], geography, geology, meteorology, physics and zoology. In philosophy, he wrote on aesthetics, ethics, government, metaphysics, politics, economics, psychology, rhetoric and theology. He also studied education, foreign customs, literature and poetry. His combined works constitute a virtual encyclopedia of Greek knowledge. It has been suggested that Aristotle was probably the last person to know everything there was to be known in his own time.<ref>{{cite book
| last =Neill
| first =Alex
62 নং শাৰী:
}}</ref>
 
Nearআলেকজেণ্ডাৰ theজীৱনৰ endশেষৰফালে ofতেওঁ Alexanderএৰিষ্ট'sটলৰ life,ধাৰণাসমূহৰ Alexanderওপৰত beganসন্দেহ toকৰিবলৈ suspectলয় plots againstআৰু himself,এৰিষ্ট'টলক চিঠিৰ যোগেদি andভাবুকিও threatenedদিয়াৰ Aristotleকথা inজনা letters.যায়৷ Aristotle had made no secret of his contempt for Alexander's pretense of divinity, and the king had executed Aristotle's grandnephew [[Callisthenes]] as a traitor. A widespread tradition in antiquity suspected Aristotle of playing a role in Alexander's death, but there is little evidence for this.<ref>Peter Green, ''Alexander of Macedon'', 1991 University of California Press, Ltd. Oxford, England. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, p.379,459</ref>
 
Upon Alexander's death, anti-Macedonian sentiment in Athens once again flared. [[Eurymedon the hierophant]] denounced Aristotle for not holding the gods in honor. Aristotle fled the city to his mother's family estate in [[Chalcis]], explaining, "I will not allow the Athenians to sin twice against philosophy,"<ref>{{cite book
"https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/এৰিষ্ট%27টল"ৰ পৰা অনা হৈছে