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====কাব্যসাহিত্য====
এৰিষ্ট'টলে মহাকাব্যিক কবিতা ( epic poetry), ট্ৰেজেদী, হাস্যৰস সমৃদ্ধ সাহিত্য তথা ডিডাৰেম্বিক কাব্য সাহিত্য ( dithyrambic poetry) আৰু গীত্যৰ মাজত পাৰস্পৰিক মিল থকা ( [[Mimesis|imitative]]) বুলি গণ্য কৰিছিল৷ কেৱল প্ৰত্যেকৰে মাধ্যম, লক্ষ্য আৰু উপস্থাপনৰ পাৰ্থক্য থাকে৷ <ref>Aristotle, ''Poetics'' I 1447a</ref> উদাহৰণস্বৰূপে,music imitates with the media of rhythm and harmony, whereas dance imitates with rhythm alone, and poetry with language. The forms also differ in their object of imitation. Comedy, for instance, is a dramatic imitation of men worse than average; whereas tragedy imitates men slightly better than average. Lastly, the forms differ in their manner of imitation – through narrative or character, through change or no change, and through drama or no drama.<ref>Aristotle, ''Poetics'' III</ref> Aristotle believed that imitation is natural to mankind and constitutes one of mankind's advantages over animals.<ref>Aristotle, ''Poetics'' IV</ref>
যদিও লোকবিশ্বাস অনুসৰি এৰিষ্ট'টলৰ কাব্যসাহিত্য দুখন গ্ৰন্থত সংযোজিত হৈ আছিল- এখন ট্ৰেজেদী আৰু আনখন হাস্যৰস সমৃদ্ধ৷ কিন্তু কেৱল ট্ৰেজেদীসম্পন্ন কিছুসংখ্যক কবিতাহে বৰ্তমান পোৱা যায়৷ <ref>Aristotle, ''Poetics'' VI</ref> <ref>Aristotle, ''Poetics'' XXVI</ref>ইয়াৰোপৰি এৰিষ্ট'টলে খুবেই শৃংখলাবদ্ধভাৱে সাঁথৰ( riddles) লোকসাহিত্য (folklore), ফঁকৰা-যোজনা আদিৰ সংগ্ৰহ কৰিছিল বুলি জনা যায়৷ <ref>Temple, Olivia, and Temple, Robert (translators), [http://books.google.com/books?id=ZB-rVxPvtPEC&pg=PR3&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=0_0 The Complete Fables By Aesop] Penguin Classics, 1998. ISBN 0-14-044649-4 Cf. Introduction, pp. xi–xii.</ref>
While it is believed that Aristotle's ''Poetics'' comprised two books – one on comedy and one on tragedy – only the portion that focuses on tragedy has survived. Aristotle taught that tragedy is composed of six elements: plot-structure, character, style, thought, spectacle, and lyric poetry.<ref>Aristotle, ''Poetics'' VI</ref> The characters in a tragedy are merely a means of driving the story; and the plot, not the characters, is the chief focus of tragedy. Tragedy is the imitation of action arousing pity and fear, and is meant to effect the [[catharsis]] of those same emotions. Aristotle concludes ''Poetics'' with a discussion on which, if either, is superior: epic or tragic [[mimesis]]. He suggests that because tragedy possesses all the attributes of an epic, possibly possesses additional attributes such as spectacle and music, is more unified, and achieves the aim of its mimesis in shorter scope, it can be considered superior to epic.<ref>Aristotle, ''Poetics'' XXVI</ref>
Aristotle was a keen systematic collector of riddles, folklore, and proverbs; he and his school had a special interest in the riddles of the [[Pythia|Delphic Oracle]] and studied the fables of [[Aesop]].<ref>Temple, Olivia, and Temple, Robert (translators), [http://books.google.com/books?id=ZB-rVxPvtPEC&pg=PR3&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=0_0 The Complete Fables By Aesop] Penguin Classics, 1998. ISBN 0-14-044649-4 Cf. Introduction, pp. xi–xii.</ref>
==কিংবদন্তী==
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