কনফুচিয়াছ: বিভিন্ন সংশোধনসমূহৰ মাজৰ পাৰ্থক্য
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'''কনফুচিয়াছ''' ({{IPAc-en|k|ən|ˈ|f|j|uː|ʃ|ə|s}} {{respell|kən|FEW|shəs}};<ref>{{Dictionary.com|Confucius}}</ref> ৫৫১–৪৭৯ খ্ৰীষ্টপূৰ্ব)
কনফুচিয়াছে প্ৰৱৰ্তন কৰা দৰ্শনক ''কনফুচিয়ানবাদ'' বুলি জনা যায় ৷ এই মতবাদত ব্যক্তিগত আৰু চৰকাৰী নৈতিকতা, সামাজিক
==প্ৰাৰম্ভিক জীৱন==
ভবা হয়, ৫৫১ খ্ৰীষ্টপূৰ্বৰ ২৮ ছেপ্টেম্বৰত কনফুচিয়াছৰ জন্ম হৈছিল ৷ <ref name=birth>{{cite book |last1=Hugan |first1=Yong |title=Confucius: A Guide for the Perplexed |date=2013 |publisher=A&C Black |page=3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1R9MAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA4 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416224536/https://books.google.com/books?id=1R9MAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA4 |archivedate=2017-04-16 |df= |isbn=978-1-4411-9653-8 }}</ref><ref name=creel49-25>{{Harvnb|Creel|1949|loc=25}}.</ref> তেওঁৰ জন্ম হৈছিল ঝাউ জিলাত, যিখন ঠাইক এতিয়া চীন দেশত কুফু বুলি জনা যায় ৷ <ref name=creel49-25 /><ref>{{Harvnb|Rainey|2010|loc=16}}.</ref> তেওঁৰ দেউতাক কংগ হে (নাইবা ছুলিয়াং হে) স্থানীয় লু সেনানীৰ এজন বৰ্ষীয়ান সেনানায়ক আছিল ৷ {{sfnp|Legge|1887|p=260}} কনফুচিয়াছৰ পৰম্পৰাগত জীৱনৰ পৰা অনুমান কৰিব পাৰি যে, কংগ হেৰ ককাদেউতাকে তেওঁলোকক ছঙৰ পৰা লুলৈ প্ৰব্ৰজন কৰাই আনিছিল ৷ <ref name=creel49-26>{{Harvnb|Creel|1949|loc=26}}.</ref>
Kong He died when Confucius was three years old, and Confucius was raised by his mother Yan Zhengzai ({{lang|zh|{{linktext|顏|徵|在}}}}) in poverty.<ref name=confu>{{cite book|last1=Huang|first1=Yong|title=Confucius: A Guide for the Perplexed|date=2013|publisher=A&C Black|page=4|url=https://books.google.com/?id=1R9MAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&dq=confucius+age+19+marry+qiguan#v=onepage&q=confucius%20age%2019%20marry%20qiguan&f=false|accessdate=August 12, 2015|isbn=978-1-4411-9653-8}}</ref> His mother would later die at less than 40 years of age.<ref name=confu/> At age 19 he married Qiguan (亓官), and a year later the couple had their first child, Kong Li (孔鯉).<ref name=confu/> Qiguan and Confucius would later have two daughters together, one of whom is thought to have died as a child.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Schuman|first1=Michael|title=Confucius: And the World He Created|date=2015|publisher=Basic Books|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wb6DBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT25|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416230225/https://books.google.com/books?id=wb6DBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT25|archivedate=2017-04-16|df=|isbn=978-0-465-04057-5}}</ref>
Confucius was educated at schools for commoners, where he studied and learned the [[Six Arts]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Huang|first1=Yong|title=Confucius: A Guide for the Perplexed|date=2013|publisher=A&C Black|pages=4–5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1R9MAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA4|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416224536/https://books.google.com/books?id=1R9MAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA4|archivedate=2017-04-16|df=|isbn=978-1-4411-9653-8}}</ref>
Confucius was born into the class of ''[[Four occupations|shi]]'' (士), between the aristocracy and the common people. He is said to have worked in various government jobs during his early 20s, and as a bookkeeper and a caretaker of sheep and horses, using the proceeds to give his mother a proper burial.<ref name=confu/><ref name=buryl/> When his mother died, Confucius (aged 23) is said to have [[Ancestor veneration in China#Mourning rites|mourned for three years]], as was the tradition.<ref name=buryl>{{cite book|last1=Burgan|first1=Michael|title=Confucius: Chinese Philosopher and Teacher|date=2008|publisher=Capstone|page=23|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vM8GCpBncjEC&pg=PT12|accessdate=August 12, 2015|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416230252/https://books.google.com/books?id=vM8GCpBncjEC&pg=PT12|archivedate=April 16, 2017|df=|isbn=978-0-7565-3832-3}}</ref>
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