স্বৰাজ: বিভিন্ন সংশোধনসমূহৰ মাজৰ পাৰ্থক্য

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[[Image:Dayananda Saraswati.jpg|thumb|দয়ানন্দ স্বৰস্বতী]]
 
'''স্বৰাজ''' ({{lang-hi|[[wikt:स्वराज|स्वराज]]}} ''[[wikt:स्वयं|swa-]]'' "self", ''[[wikt:raj|raj]]'' "rule") বুলিলে সাধাৰণতে স্বায়ত্বশাসন বুজায় আৰু মহৰ্ষি দয়ানন্দ স্বৰস্বতীয়ে "গৃহ-শাসন"ৰ সমাৰ্থক হিচাপে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিছিল যি পিছলৈ মহাত্মা গান্ধীয়ে<ref>''[[Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule]]'', Gandhi, 1909</ref> ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিছিল কিন্তু শব্দটোৱে প্ৰকৃততে বিদেশী দমনৰ পৰা ভাৰতৰ স্বাধীন,গান্ধীৰ ধাৰণাক বুজাইছিল।<ref>[http://www.swaraj.org/whatisswaraj.htm What is Swaraj?]. Retrieved on July 12, 2007.</ref>স্বৰাজে শাসনৰ ওপৰত গুৰুত্ব দিয়ে, পদানুক্ৰমিক চৰকাৰৰ দ্বাৰা নহয়, ব্যক্তি আৰু সমাজ নিৰ্মাণৰ যোগেৰে আত্মশাসনৰ দ্বাৰা। ইয়াৰ মূল গুৰুত্ব হৈছে ৰাজনৈতিক বিকেন্দ্ৰীকৰণৰ ওপৰত।<ref>Parel, Anthony. ''Hind Swaraj and other writings of M. K. Gandhi''. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, 1997.</ref> যিহেতু এয়া ব্ৰিটেইনে অনুসৰণ কৰা ৰাজনৈতিক আৰু সামাজিক প্ৰণালীৰ বিপৰীত, গান্ধীৰ স্বৰাজৰ ধাৰণাটোৱে ব্ৰিটিছ ৰাজনৈতিক, অৰ্থনৈতিক, আমোলা তান্ত্ৰিক, আইনী, সামৰিক আৰু শিক্ষা প্ৰতিষ্ঠান বৰ্জনত ভাৰতৰ সপক্ষে আছিল।<ref>[http://www.swaraj.org/whatisswaraj.htm What is Swaraj?]. Retrieved on March 3, 2007.</ref> এছ সত্যমূৰ্তি, চিত্তৰঞ্জন দাস আৰু মতিলাল নেহৰু আদিয়ে ভাৰতৰ সংসদীয় গণতন্ত্ৰৰ
'''স্বৰাজ''' ({{lang-hi|[[wikt:स्वराज|स्वराज]]}} ''[[wikt:स्वयं|swa-]]'' "self", ''[[wikt:raj|raj]]'' "rule") বুলিলে সাধাৰণতে স্বায়ত্বশাসন বুজায়।
মূল ভেটি স্থাপন কৰিছিল।
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can mean generally [[self-governance]] or "self-rule", and was used synonymously with "home-rule" by [[Maharishi]] [[Dayanand Saraswati]] and later on by [[Mohandas Gandhi]],<ref>''[[Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule]]'', Gandhi, 1909</ref> but the word usually refers to Gandhi's concept for [[Indian independence movement|Indian independence]] from foreign domination.<ref>[http://www.swaraj.org/whatisswaraj.htm What is Swaraj?]. Retrieved on July 12, 2007.</ref> Swaraj lays stress on governance, not by a hierarchical government, but by self governance through individuals and [[community building]]. The focus is on political [[decentralisation]].<ref>Parel, Anthony. ''Hind Swaraj and other writings of M. K. Gandhi''. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, 1997.</ref> Since this is against the political and social systems followed by [[UK|Britain]], Gandhi's concept of Swaraj advocated India's discarding British political, economic, bureaucratic, legal, military, and educational institutions.<ref>[http://www.swaraj.org/whatisswaraj.htm What is Swaraj?]. Retrieved on March 3, 2007.</ref> [[S. Satyamurti]], [[Chittaranjan Das]] and [[Motilal Nehru]] were among a contrasting group of Swarajists who laid the foundation for [[parliamentary democracy]] in India.
[[S. Satyamurti]], [[Chittaranjan Das]] and [[Motilal Nehru]] were among a contrasting group of Swarajists who laid the foundation for [[parliamentary democracy]] in India.
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Although Gandhi's aim of totally implementing the concepts of Swaraj in India was not achieved, the voluntary work organisations which he founded for this purpose did serve as precursors and role models for people's movements, voluntary organisations, and some of the non-governmental organisations that were subsequently launched in various parts of India.<ref name="What Swaraj meant to Gandhi">[http://www.mkgandhi.org/articles/swaraj.htm What Swaraj meant to Gandhi]. Retrieved on September 17, 2008.</ref> The student movement against oppressive local and central governments, led by [[Jayaprakash Narayan]], Udit Swaraj and the [[Bhoodan movement]], which presaged demands for land reform legislation throughout India, and which ultimately led to India's discarding of the [[Zamindari system]] of land tenure and social organisation, were also inspired by the ideas of Swaraj.
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==Key concepts==
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