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কৰ'নাভাইৰাছ ৰোগ ২০১৯: বিভিন্ন সংশোধনসমূহৰ মাজৰ পাৰ্থক্য

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79 নং শাৰী:
[[কাহ]], [[আভোক]], [[ক্লান্তি]], [[শ্বাসকষ্ট]], খেকাৰ ওলোৱা, [[পেশীৰ বিষ]] আৰু [[গাঁথিৰ বিষ]] ৰোগৰ আন আন সাধাৰণ লক্ষণ।<ref name="chinamortality" /><ref name="CDC2020Sym"><!-- KEEP THIS NAMED REFERENCE -->{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html |title=Symptoms of Coronavirus |date=20 March 2020|website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130202038/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/symptoms.html|archive-date=30 January 2020|access-date=}}</ref><ref name="Hessen27Jan2020">{{cite web |url=https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center |title=Novel Coronavirus Information Center: Expert guidance and commentary |last=Hessen |first=Margaret Trexler | name-list-format = vanc |date=27 January 2020 |website=Elsevier Connect |url-status=live |access-date=31 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130171622/https://www.elsevier.com/connect/coronavirus-information-center |archive-date=30 January 2020 }}</ref> কোনো কোনো লোকৰ [[উকালি]], [[বমি]] আৰু [[পেটচলা]] দেখা যায়।<ref name=":10">{{cite news|title=Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Pneumonia with Diarrhea| vauthors = Wei XS, Wang X, Niu YR, Ye LL, Peng WB, Wang ZH, Yang WB, Yang BH, Zhang JC, Ma WL, Wang XR | display-authors = 6 |date=26 February 2020|doi=10.2139/ssrn.3546120|ssrn = }}</ref><ref name="Huang24Jan2020">{{cite journal | vauthors = Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B | display-authors = 6 | title = Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China | journal = Lancet | volume = 395 | issue = 10223 | pages = 497–506 | date = February 2020 | pmid = 31986264 | pmc = 7159299 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR | title = Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges | journal = International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents | volume = 55 | issue = 3 | pages = 105924 | date = March 2020 | pmid = 32081636 | pmc = 7127800 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924 }}</ref> হাঁচি, নাকৰ পানী ওলোৱা, ডিঙিৰ বিষ আৰু ছালৰ ক্ষত কমকৈ হোৱা লক্ষণ।<ref name="WHOReport24Feb2020">{{cite report|url=https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf|title=Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)|date=16–24 February 2020|publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|access-date=21 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229221222/https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf|archive-date=29 February 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> চীনদেশৰ কিছু ৰোগীৰ প্ৰথম অৱস্থাত কেৱল বুকুৰ বিষ আৰু ঢপঢপনিহে অনুভৱ হৈছিল।<ref name="Zheng Ma Zhang Xie p.">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zheng YY, Ma YT, Zhang JY, Xie X | title = COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system | journal = Nature Reviews. Cardiology | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 259–260 | date = May 2020 | pmid = 32139904 | pmc = 7095524 | doi = 10.1038/s41569-020-0360-5 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ঘ্ৰাণশক্তি বা স্বাদশক্তিও কমিব পাৰে।<ref name="LancetIDSmell">{{cite journal |vauthors=Xydakis MS, Dehgani-Mobaraki P, Holbrook EH, Geisthoff UW, Bauer C, Hautefort C, Herman P, Manley GT, Lyon DM, Hopkins C |display-authors=6 |title=Smell and taste dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 |journal=The Lancet. Infectious Diseases |date=April 2020 |pmid=32304629 |pmc=7159875 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30293-0 |url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)30293-0/fulltext#%20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html |title=Symptoms of Coronavirus |date=27 April 2020 |website= |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |url-status=live |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=28 April 2020}}</ref><!-- Even though loss of smell as a symptom was first hyped and then fell back down to Earth, and even though other upper respiratory infections can cause loss of smell, I thought I'd keep some of technical terms which were here still available: anosmia means loss of smell, hyposmia means partial loss of smell, and dysgeusia means disturbance in taste. --> দক্ষিণ কোৰিয়াৰ নিশ্চিত ৰোগীৰ ৩০%ৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত ঘ্ৰাণশক্তি হ্ৰাস পোৱাটো এক লক্ষণ।<ref name="entuk-anosmia">{{cite web |url=https://www.entuk.org/loss-sense-smell-marker-covid-19-infection |title=Loss of sense of smell as marker of COVID-19 infection |last=Hopkins |first=Claire |name-list-format=vanc |date= |website=Ear, Nose and Throat surgery body of United Kingdom |access-date=28 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="Iacobucci2020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Iacobucci G |title=Sixty seconds on ... anosmia |journal=BMJ |volume=368 |pages=m1202 |date=March 2020 |pmid=32209546 |doi=10.1136/bmj.m1202 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
 
সাধাৰণতে, কোনো ব্যক্তি প্ৰথম সংক্ৰমণ হোৱাৰ পৰা ৰোগৰ লক্ষণ ফুটি উঠালৈ কিছু সময় লয়। এই সময়কসময়ছোৱাক ইনকিউবেচন[[উপ্তিকাল]] পিৰিয়দ(Incubation period) বুলি কয়। কভিডCOVID-১৯ৰ19 ক্ষেত্ৰতৰোগত এইউপ্তিকাল সময়সাধাৰণতে ৫ৰপাঁচৰ পৰা ৬ছয় দিন, যদিওকিন্তু কেতিয়াবা ১ৰদুইৰ পৰা ১৪ দিনচৈধ্য পৰ্যন্তদিবলৈকে হবহ'ব পাৰে।<ref name="WHO2020QA" /><ref>{{cite news |vauthors=((World Health Organization)) |title=Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report, 29 |date=19 February 2020 |publisher=World Health Organization |hdl=10665/331118 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> প্ৰায় ১০ শতাংশ লোকৰ লক্ষণ পলমকৈ দেখা দিয়ে।<ref>{{cite book |title=Rapid Expert Consultation Update on SARS-CoV-2 Surface Stability and Incubation for the COVID-19 Pandemic |website=TheNational Academies Press |date=27 March 2020 |doi=10.17226/25763 |isbn=978-0-309-67610-6 |url=https://www.nap.edu/read/25763/chapter/1 |access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Interim Guidance: Public Health Management of cases and contacts associated with novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in the community |website=BC Centre for Disease Control |date=15 May 2020 |url=http://www.bccdc.ca/resource-gallery/Documents/Guidelines%20and%20Forms/Guidelines%20and%20Manuals/Epid/CD%20Manual/Chapter%201%20-%20CDC/2019-nCoV-Interim_Guidelines.pdf |access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Rapid Review of the literature: Assessing the infection prevention and control measures for the prevention and management of COVID-19 in health and care settings |website=NHS Scotland |date=20 April 2020 |url=https://hpspubsrepo.blob.core.windows.net/hps-website/nss/2985/documents/1_covid-19-rapid-review-ipc-for-covid-19.pdf |access-date=18 May 2020}}</ref>
 
লক্ষণৰ গতি চাই সোনকালে ৰোগ নিৰ্ণয় কৰিব পাৰি। প্ৰাৰম্ভিক অৱস্থাত কেইবাটাও লক্ষণ দেখা গ'লেও সাধাৰণতে [[শ্বাসকষ্ট|উশাহ চুটি হোৱা]] দেখা নাযায়। প্ৰাৰম্ভিক লক্ষণসমূহৰ কেইবাদিনৰ পাছতহে উশাহ চুটিৰ লক্ষণ ওলায়। জ্বৰ আৰু কাহৰ লগে লগে শ্বাসকষ্ট হ'লে সেয়া ক'ভিড-১৯ তকৈ দুঃচিন্তা হোৱাৰ সম্ভাৱনাহে বেছি। শ্বাসকষ্ট আৰম্ভ হোৱাৰ পাছৰ দিনকেইটা জটিল হৈ উঠিব পাৰে।<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cohen PA, Hall LE, John JN, Rapoport AB | title = The Early Natural History of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Clinical Observations From an Urban, Ambulatory COVID-19 Clinic | journal = Mayo Clinic Proceedings | volume = 95 | issue = 6 | pages = 1124–1126 | date = June 2020 | pmid = 32451119 | doi = 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.010 | pmc = 7167572 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
88 নং শাৰী:
[[নিম'নিয়া]], [[একিউট ৰেছ্‌পিৰেটৰী ডীষ্ট্ৰেছ ছীণ্ড্ৰ'ম]] (ARDS), একাধিক অংগৰ অক্ষমতা, [[ছেপ্টিক শ্বক]], আৰু [[মৃত্যু]] ক'ভিড-১৯ ৰ জটিলতা।<ref name="Hui14Jan2020"/><ref name="auto"/><ref name="StatPearls">{{cite book|title=StatPearls|vauthors=Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R|date=2020|publisher=StatPearls Publishing|location=Treasure Island (FL)|chapter=Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19)|pmid=32150360|access-date=18 March 2020|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554776/}}</ref><ref name="Heymann Shindo 2020 pp. 542–545222">{{cite journal | vauthors = Heymann DL, Shindo N | title = COVID-19: what is next for public health? | journal = Lancet | volume = 395 | issue = 10224 | pages = 542–545 | date = February 2020 | pmid = 32061313 | pmc = 7138015 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30374-3 | publisher = Elsevier BV | collaboration = WHO Scientific and Technical Advisory Group for Infectious Hazards }}</ref> [[হৃদযন্ত্ৰৰ অক্ষমতা]], [[অস্বাভাৱিক হৃদস্পন্দন]], মায়'কাৰ্ডাইটিছ আৰু সিৰাৰ তেজ গোট মৰা আদি হৃদযন্ত্ৰৰ জটিলতা।<ref name=":03">{{cite journal | vauthors = Long B, Brady WJ, Koyfman A, Gottlieb M | title = Cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 | journal = The American Journal of Emergency Medicine | date = April 2020 | pmid = 32317203 | pmc = 7165109 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.048}}</ref> ক'ভিড-১৯ হোৱা প্ৰায় ২০-৩০% লোকৰ যকৃত উৎসেচক বাঢ়ি থকাই যকৃতৰ ক্ষতি সূচায়।<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Xu L, Liu J, Lu M, Yang D, Zheng X | title = Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections | journal = Liver International | volume = 40 | issue = 5 | pages = 998–1004 | date = May 2020 | pmid = 32170806 | doi = 10.1111/liv.14435 | pmc = 7228361 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Sanders20202">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sanders JM, Monogue ML, Jodlowski TZ, Cutrell JB | title = Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review | journal = JAMA | date = April 2020 | pmid = 32282022 | doi = 10.1001/jama.2020.6019 | doi-access = free }}</ref> ছিজাৰ, ষ্ট্ৰোক, এন্‌কেফেলাইটিছ আৰু গিয়া-বাৰি ছীণ্ড্ৰ'ম স্নায়ৱিক জটিলতা।<ref name=":13">{{cite journal | vauthors = Carod-Artal FJ | title = Neurological complications of coronavirus and COVID-19 | journal = Revista de Neurologia | volume = 70 | issue = 9 | pages = 311–322 | date = May 2020 | pmid = 32329044 | doi = 10.33588/rn.7009.2020179 }}</ref> শিশুৰ ৰোগ হ'লে paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome মাৰাত্মক হ'ব পাৰে।<ref>{{cite web |title=Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents temporally related to COVID-19 |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/multisystem-inflammatory-syndrome-in-children-and-adolescents-with-covid-19 |website=www.who.int |accessdate=20 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=HAN Archive—00432 {{!}} Health Alert Network (HAN) |url=https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/2020/han00432.asp |website=emergency.cdc.gov |accessdate=20 May 2020 |language=en-us |date=15 May 2020}}</ref>
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আন সংক্ৰমণৰ দৰে ইয়াতো ভাইৰাছৰ দ্বাৰা সংক্ৰমিত হোৱাৰে পৰা লক্ষণ ওলোৱালৈকে কিছু সময় লাগে। এই সময়ছোৱাক [[উপ্তিকাল]] (incubation period) বোলে। COVID-19 ৰোগত উপ্তিকাল সাধাৰণতে পাঁচৰ পৰা ছয় দিন কিন্তু দুইৰ পৰা চৈধ্য দিবলৈকে হ'ব পাৰে।<ref>{{Cite document | vauthors=((World Health Organization)) |title=Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): situation report, 29 |date=19 February 2020|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) | hdl=10665/331118 | hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses|title=Q&A on coronaviruses (COVID-19): How long is the incubation period for COVID-19?|date=|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120174649/https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses|archive-date=20 January 2020|access-date=26 February 2020| name-list-format = vanc}}</ref> ৯৭.৫% লক্ষণ ওলোৱা ৰোগীৰ সংক্ৰমণৰ ১১.৫ দিনৰ ভিতৰত লক্ষণ ওলায়।<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lauer|first1=Stephen A.|last2=Grantz|first2=Kyra H.|last3=Bi|first3=Qifang|last4=Jones|first4=Forrest K.|last5=Zheng|first5=Qulu|last6=Meredith|first6=Hannah R.|last7=Azman|first7=Andrew S.|last8=Reich|first8=Nicholas G.|last9=Lessler|first9=Justin|date=10 March 2020|title=The Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) From Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases: Estimation and Application|url=https://annals.org/aim/fullarticle/2762808/incubation-period-coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-from-publicly-reported|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|language=en|doi=10.7326/M20-0504|pmid=32150748|pmc=7081172|issn=0003-4819}}</ref>
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==কাৰণ==
===সঞ্চাৰণ===
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<section begin="Transmission"/>
[[file:Sneeze.JPG|alt=Cough/sneeze droplets visualised in dark background using Tyndall scattering|thumb|Respiratory droplets produced when a man [[sneeze]]s, visualised using [[Tyndall scattering]]]]
এই ৰোগ [[ছিভিয়াৰ একিউট ৰেছ্‌পিৰেটৰী ছীণ্ড্ৰ'ম কৰ'না ভাইৰাছ ২]] (SARS-CoV-2) নামৰ ভাইৰাছে কৰে (পূৰ্বৰ নাম ২০১৯ ন'ভেল কৰ'না ভাইৰাছ)।<ref name="Gorbalenya-bioRxiv">{{cite journal |last=Gorbalenya |first=Alexander E. | name-list-format = vanc |date=11 February 2020 |title=Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus—The species and its viruses, a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group |journal=[[bioRxiv]] |type=preprint |doi=10.1101/2020.02.07.937862 |doi-access=free }}</ref> [[কাহ]] আৰু [[হাঁচি]] মাৰিলে ওলোৱা ড্ৰপ্‌লেটৰ জৰিয়তে ই মানুহৰ মাজত বিয়পে।<ref name="CDC2020Spread">{{cite web |title=2019&nbsp; Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=18 February 2020 |date=11 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307081351/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/transmission.html |archive-date=7 March 2020 |url-status=live |quote=The virus is thought to spread mainly from person-to-person ... through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. }}</ref> ভাইৰাছটোৰ হ্ৰাসৰ হাৰ অনুসন্ধান কৰা এটা অধ্যয়নত তামত চাৰি ঘণ্টাৰ পাছত, কাৰ্ডব'ৰ্ডত ২৪ ঘণ্টাৰ পাছত, ষ্টেইনলে'ছ তীখাত ৭২ ঘণ্টা আৰু প্লাষ্টিকত ৭২ ঘণ্টাৰ পাছত সক্ৰিয় ভাইৰাছ পোৱা নাই। কিন্তু নিৰূপণৰ হাৰ (detection rate) ১০০% নাছিল আৰু পৃষ্ঠ সাপেক্ষে ভিন ভিন আছিল (এৰ'ছ'লৰ বাবে নিৰূপণৰ পৰিসৰ বা limit of detection আছিল প্ৰতি লিটাৰ বায়ুৰ বাবে ৩.৩৩×১০<sup>০.৫</sup> [[Virus quantification|TCID<sub>50</sub>]], প্লাষ্টিক, তীখা আৰু কাৰ্ডব'ৰ্ডৰ বাবে প্ৰতি মিলিমিটাৰ মাধ্যমত ১০<sup>০.৫</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub>, আৰু তামৰ বাবে প্ৰতি মিলিমিটাৰ মাধ্যমত ১০<sup>১.৫</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub>)। এক Bayesian regression model-ৰ সহায়ত অৱক্ষয়ৰ হাৰ (rate of decay) ঠাৱৰ কৰোঁতে তামত ভাইৰাছবিধ ১৮ ঘণ্টালৈকে, কাৰ্ডব'ৰ্ডত ৫৫ ঘণ্টালৈকে, ষ্টেইনলে'ছ তীখাত ৯০ ঘণ্টালৈকে আৰু প্লাষ্টিকত ১০০ ঘণ্টাৰো বেছি থাকিব পাৰে বুলি কোৱা হৈছে। পৰীক্ষাৰ গোটেই সময়ছোৱাত (৩ ঘণ্টা) এৰ'ছ'লত ভাইৰাছবিধ সক্ৰিয় হৈ আছিল।<ref name="van Doremalen Bushmaker Morris Holbrook p.">{{cite journal | vauthors = van Doremalen N, Bushmaker T, Morris DH, Holbrook MG, Gamble A, Williamson BN, Tamin A, Harcourt JL, Thornburg NJ, Gerber SI, Lloyd-Smith JO, de Wit E, Munster VJ | display-authors = 6 | title = Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1 | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | date = March 2020 | pmid = 32182409 | doi = 10.1056/nejmc2004973 | publisher = Massachusetts Medical Society }}</ref> [[মানৱ বিষ্ঠা|বিষ্ঠাতো]] ভাইৰাছবিধ পোৱা গৈছে আৰু বিষ্ঠাৰ জৰিয়তে সংক্ৰমণৰ সম্ভাৱনাৰ গৱেষণা চলি আছে।<ref name=":11b">{{Cite journal|last1=Gu|first1=Jinyang|last2=Han|first2=Bing|last3=Wang|first3=Jian|date=27 February 2020|title=COVID-19: Gastrointestinal manifestations and potential fecal-oral transmission|journal=Gastroenterology|volume=|pages=|doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2020.02.054|pmid=32142785|issn=0016-5085}}</ref><ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/php/water.html Water Transmission and COVID-19] (CDC, accessed 19 March 2020)</ref>
 
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