বংগ চুবাহ

বংগ চুবাঃ (বঙালী: সুবাহ বাংলা; ফাৰ্চী: صوبه بنگاله) বা মোগল বংগ (বঙালী: মোগল বাংলা) আছিল মোগল সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ সৰ্ববৃহৎ ভাগ (যি পাছলৈ এক স্বতন্ত্ৰ ৰাজ্য হ'লগৈ)। ১৬ৰ পৰা ১৮ শতিকালৈ ই পশ্চিম বংগ আৰু বাংলাদেশকে ধৰি বংগ অঞ্চলৰ অধিকাংশ সামৰিছিল, য'ত বৰ্তমানৰ বিহাৰ, ঝাৰখণ্ড আৰু উৰিষ্যাৰ অংশও আছিল। এই চুবাহৰ সৃষ্টি হৈছিল বংগ চুলতানীৰ পতনৰ পাছত। বংগ চুলতানীক বাৰুদৰ সাম্ৰাজ্য এখনত বিলীন কৰা হৈছিল। বংগ চুলতানীৰ দিনত আৰু তাৰ পাছত বংগ চুবাহৰ দিনতো বংগ অঞ্চল আছিল ভাৰতীয় উপমহাদেশৰ আতাইতকৈ ধনী অঞ্চল, বিশেষকৈ বেপাৰী, সেথ, বেংকাৰ আদিৰ কাৰ্যকালাপৰ বাবে। বংগৰ অৰ্থনীতিৰ প্ৰাক্‌-ঔদ্যোগিক অৱস্থাত এক আগন্তুক ঔদ্যোগিক বিপ্লৱৰ চিন দেখা যায়।^[1]

অৰ্থনীতি

বংগ চুবাহক "জাতিসমূহৰ সৰগ"^[2] আৰু "বংগৰ সোণালী যুগ"^[3]^[4] বুলিও অভিহিত কৰা হয়, কাৰণ এই অঞ্চলৰ বাসিন্দাৰ জীৱনৰ যাপনৰ স্তৰ আৰু বাস্তৱ মজুৰি আছিল বিশ্বৰ ভিতৰতে আতাইতকৈ অধিক।^[5] বংগ চুবাঃ অকলেই নেডাৰলেণ্ডৰ এছিয়াৰ পৰা ৪০% আমদানিৰ উৎস আছিল।^[6] বংগৰ পূব ভাগ আছিল বস্ত্ৰ উৎপাদন আৰু জাহাজ নিৰ্মাণ আদি উদ্যোগত বিশ্ববিখ্যাত।^[7] ই পাত, কঁপাহৰ কাপোৰ, ষ্টীল, কৃষিজাত আৰু ঔদ্যোগিক সামগ্ৰীৰ উল্লেখযোগ্য ৰপ্তানিকাৰী আছিল।^[8] এই অঞ্চলেই আংল-বংগীয় যুদ্ধৰ ভেঁটি আছিল।^[9]

নৱাবসকল আৰু ব্ৰিটিছ ইষ্ট ইণ্ডিয়া কোম্পানী

১৮ শতিকাত বংগ নৱাবসকলৰ অধীনত এখন স্বতন্ত্ৰ ৰাজ্য হ'ল। এই সময়চোৱাত বংগৰ অৰ্থনীতিত প্ৰাৰম্ভিক ঔদ্যোগীকৰণ দেখা গৈছিল।^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13] এনে হৈছিল বিশেষকৈ ঔদ্যোগিক বিপ্লৱৰ বস্ত্ৰ উৎপাদনত। পিচে ব্ৰিটিছ ইষ্ট ইণ্ডিয়া কোম্পানীয়ে পলাশীৰ যুদ্ধ জয় কৰি, বংগ দখল কৰিলে। তাৰ পাছতে বংগৰ অ-ঔদ্যোগীকৰণ আৰম্ভ হ'ল।^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17] এই চুবাহক পাছলৈ বেংগল প্ৰেচিডেঞ্চিলৈ ৰূপান্তৰিত কৰা হ'ল।

তথ্য সংগ্ৰহ

↑ Lex Heerma van Voss; Els Hiemstra-Kuperus; Elise van Nederveen Meerkerk (2010). "The Long Globalization and Textile Producers in India". The Ashgate Companion to the History of Textile Workers, 1650–2000. Ashgate Publishing. পৃষ্ঠা. 255. ISBN 9780754664284. https://books.google.com/books?id=f95ljbhfjxIC&pg=PA255.
↑ Steel, Tim (2014-12-19). "The paradise of nations". Dhaka Tribune. https://www.dhakatribune.com/uncategorized/2014/12/19/the-paradise-of-nations.
↑ "Pakistan Quarterly" (en ভাষাত). Pakistan Quarterly. 1956. https://books.google.com/books?id=BTlDAQAAIAAJ&q=golden+age+of+bengal+shaista+khan.
↑ Islam, Sirajul (1992) (en ভাষাত). History of Bangladesh, 1704-1971: Economic history. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 978-984-512-337-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=WuJtAAAAMAAJ&q=golden+age+of+bengal+shaista+khan.
↑ M. Shahid Alam (2016). Poverty From The Wealth of Nations: Integration and Polarization in the Global Economy since 1760. Springer Science+Business Media. পৃষ্ঠা. 32. ISBN 978-0-333-98564-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=suKKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA32.
↑ Om Prakash, "Empire, Mughal", in John J. McCusker (ed.
↑ Indrajit Ray (2011). Bengal Industries and the British Industrial Revolution (1757-1857). Routledge. পৃষ্ঠা. 57, 90, 174. ISBN 978-1-136-82552-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=CHOrAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA57.
↑ Khandker, Hissam (31 July 2015). "Which India is claiming to have been colonised?". The Daily Star. http://www.thedailystar.net/op-ed/politics/which-india-claiming-have-been-colonised-119284.
↑ Vaugn, James (September 2017). "John Company Armed: The English East India Company, the Anglo-Mughal War and Absolutist Imperialism, c. 1675–1690". Britain and the World খণ্ড 11 (1).
↑ Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. পৃষ্ঠা. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.
↑ The Islamic World: Past and Present. 1. Oxford University Press. 2004. পৃষ্ঠা. 174. ISBN 978-0-19-516520-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=KZcohRpc4OsC&pg=PT190.
↑ The Islamic World: Past and Present. 1. Oxford University Press. 2004. পৃষ্ঠা. 174. ISBN 978-0-19-516520-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=KZcohRpc4OsC&pg=PT190.
↑ Shombit Sengupta, "Bengal's plunder gifted the British Industrial Revolution", The Financial Express, 8 February 2010
↑ Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. পৃষ্ঠা. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.
↑ Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. পৃষ্ঠা. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.
↑ Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. পৃষ্ঠা. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.
↑ Khandker, Hissam (31 July 2015). "Which India is claiming to have been colonised?". The Daily Star. http://www.thedailystar.net/op-ed/politics/which-india-claiming-have-been-colonised-119284.

[voss2-1] Lex Heerma van Voss; Els Hiemstra-Kuperus; Elise van Nederveen Meerkerk (2010). "The Long Globalization and Textile Producers in India". The Ashgate Companion to the History of Textile Workers, 1650–2000. Ashgate Publishing. পৃষ্ঠা. 255. ISBN 9780754664284. https://books.google.com/books?id=f95ljbhfjxIC&pg=PA255.

[2] Steel, Tim (2014-12-19). "The paradise of nations". Dhaka Tribune. https://www.dhakatribune.com/uncategorized/2014/12/19/the-paradise-of-nations.

[3] "Pakistan Quarterly" (en ভাষাত). Pakistan Quarterly. 1956. https://books.google.com/books?id=BTlDAQAAIAAJ&q=golden+age+of+bengal+shaista+khan.

[4] Islam, Sirajul (1992) (en ভাষাত). History of Bangladesh, 1704-1971: Economic history. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 978-984-512-337-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=WuJtAAAAMAAJ&q=golden+age+of+bengal+shaista+khan.

[5] M. Shahid Alam (2016). Poverty From The Wealth of Nations: Integration and Polarization in the Global Economy since 1760. Springer Science+Business Media. পৃষ্ঠা. 32. ISBN 978-0-333-98564-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=suKKCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA32.

[Prakash2-6] Om Prakash, "Empire, Mughal", in John J. McCusker (ed.

[ray2-7] Indrajit Ray (2011). Bengal Industries and the British Industrial Revolution (1757-1857). Routledge. পৃষ্ঠা. 57, 90, 174. ISBN 978-1-136-82552-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=CHOrAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA57.

[star2-8] Khandker, Hissam (31 July 2015). "Which India is claiming to have been colonised?". The Daily Star. http://www.thedailystar.net/op-ed/politics/which-india-claiming-have-been-colonised-119284.

[9] Vaugn, James (September 2017). "John Company Armed: The English East India Company, the Anglo-Mughal War and Absolutist Imperialism, c. 1675–1690". Britain and the World খণ্ড 11 (1).

[tong2-10] Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. পৃষ্ঠা. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.

[esposito2-11] The Islamic World: Past and Present. 1. Oxford University Press. 2004. পৃষ্ঠা. 174. ISBN 978-0-19-516520-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=KZcohRpc4OsC&pg=PT190.

[esposito3-12] The Islamic World: Past and Present. 1. Oxford University Press. 2004. পৃষ্ঠা. 174. ISBN 978-0-19-516520-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=KZcohRpc4OsC&pg=PT190.

[sengupta2-13] Shombit Sengupta, "Bengal's plunder gifted the British Industrial Revolution", The Financial Express, 8 February 2010

[tong3-14] Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. পৃষ্ঠা. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.

[tong4-15] Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. পৃষ্ঠা. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.

[tong5-16] Junie T. Tong (2016). Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets. CRC Press. পৃষ্ঠা. 151. ISBN 978-1-317-13522-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151.

[star3-17] Khandker, Hissam (31 July 2015). "Which India is claiming to have been colonised?". The Daily Star. http://www.thedailystar.net/op-ed/politics/which-india-claiming-have-been-colonised-119284.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]